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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

返乡必看!春节回家应怎样做好防护,一文梳理要点******

  为了能够更安全、更健康地过春节,远途出行以及返乡的人员应该提前做好哪些准备工作?返乡后,免不了要走亲访友、聚餐聚会,此时应该如何做好防护措施?来看我们对相关防护要点进行的梳理。

  01

  返乡前,要做好哪些准备工作?

  远途出行以及返乡人员,应该提前做好这些准备工作:

  要做好一些防护物资的准备,比如准备一些口罩、手消的防护用品以及干湿消毒纸巾等;

  评估自身身体状况:还没有感染的,或者正在感染还没有康复的人群,不建议远途旅行;老人、孩子、慢性病患者和孕产妇等重点人群,应尽量不安排远行;

  做好防疫药品准备,比如抗原检测试剂、常用药品等;

  避免带症状出行:出现发热等症状时,及时进行抗原或核酸检测;感染后或症状消失前,避免乘坐公共交通工具;

  合理安排出行:避免前往疫情流行水平高的地区,尽量减少聚集。提前做好出行规划,及时关注目的地疫情变化和疫情防控的政策措施,多关注交通部门的出行提示;

  购票与支付应尽量选择线上方式,避免前往火车站等人员密集场所购票。

  02

  返乡路上,该注意什么?

  春节远途出行或返乡途中,应如何做好自我防护呢?

  1

  公共交通出行

  第一是在环境密闭、人员密集的场所,比如候机候车时,乘坐飞机、火车以及地铁、公交等公共交通工具时,要全程规范佩戴口罩。

  第二是在公共场所要保持合理的社交距离,减少近距离与他人接触。

  第三是要做好个人卫生,尤其是随时要关注手卫生,避免接触公共物品。

  第四是不要随地吐痰,咳嗽或者打喷嚏的时候,要用纸巾或者肘部遮挡,将用过的纸巾及时丢往垃圾桶。如果接触到呼吸道分泌物的时候,要及时洗手或者进行手消毒。

  第五是在外或者乘坐公共交通工具的时候,要尽量减少用餐次数,尽量错峰就餐。

  第六是尽量不去人群密集、空气不流通的场所。当到景区等公共场所的时候,要遵守限量预约错峰的要求。

  2

  自驾车出行

  此外,自驾人员也要全程做好健康防护:

  做好物资准备和路线规划

  自驾出行期间,要准备好一些适当的药品、防护用品,包括口罩、湿巾、手消、常见的退热药物等。要做好路线规划,尤其是要了解目的地目前疫情的情况。

  旅途中关注车上人员健康状况

  加强车辆通风消毒。如果旅行过程中出现一些呼吸道症状,大家不要紧张,可以用快速抗原检测试剂做检测。如果是阳性的话,可以让备用司机开车,使阳性检测者得到充足的休息和恢复,同车的其他人员要做好防护。如果有症状的人员的症状比较严重,要就近及时就医。

  途经服务区或收费站时做好防护

  春运期间人员会比较多,在高速公路的服务区也要戴口罩,做好防护,包括洗手,避免跟其他人更多接触,最大限度减少呼吸道感染的风险。在服务区下车休息时,减少逗留时间;到餐饮区就餐时进行手消毒;在收费站通过人工窗口缴费时,戴好口罩。

  03

  返乡后,我们应注意什么?

  春节返乡,是一年中翘首期盼的时刻,但返乡后仍要做好防护。

  1

  家中防护

  返乡人员回到家后,要加强自我健康监测,也要密切关注自己以及家人的健康状况。如果出现发热、干咳、乏力、咽痛等症状的时候,要及时进行抗原检测,或者根据病情来及时就医。刚回到家里的时候,要做好自我防护,尽量避免接触家里的老人或者有基础性疾病的人员。

  2

  走亲访友

  做好个人防护:探亲访友的时候要做好个人防护,也要佩戴口罩,减少聚餐、聚会的次数,聚餐、聚会的时候要减少人数和时间。同时,建议使用公筷、公勺等;结束就餐的时候,要及时佩戴好口罩。

  保持卫生习惯:勤洗手、常消毒。规律生活、充足睡眠,多喝水、多吃蔬菜水果;家里经常通风换气,定期做好清洁卫生,及时清理生产生活垃圾。

  关心身边邻居:积极参与社区和乡村疫情防控,在做好个人防护的前提下主动关心关爱、探视探访邻里,为有需要的乡亲提供代买生活用品、紧急送医等力所能及的帮助,将富余的治疗药品、口罩、消毒用品等分享给急需的邻里或乡亲。

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